High-speed reducing and refining apparatus.



A.' SONSYHAGEN. man SPEED BEDuCxNG AND REHMNG APPARATUS.

f K APPLICATXON FILED 1ULV24. 19|?.

mem-@d NwE l2, ma,

4 SHEETS-SHEEF BY ATTORNEYS.

W1 TNESSES A. SUNSHAGEN HIGH SPEED REDuciNG AND REHMNG APFARMUS.

APPLICATION FLLED JULYZIS, 1917.

A TTORNE YS.

A. SONSTHAGHJ.

HIGH SPEED HEDuCiNG AND RENNING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION .FLED JULY 24.1917,

atelted Nov. 12, 1918...V

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I 1N VENTOR S/0U@ 50mi/zaga@ WVM TTORNE YS.

HIGH SPEED REDUCING AND REFINlNG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION man 10H24. 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEU 4.

W I TNESSES AsBJonnsoNsTng-AGEN,

'nnen HUGH MORRIS', or

A:SPEED REDUCING AND REFINING APPARATUS.

F WEST EAL'ING, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO STONE NESS, KENT, ENGLAND l Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented NOV. 12, 1918.

Application filed July 24, 1917.. Serial No. 182,426.

. To all whom it mag/concern.'

l iication.

crushing rolls paratus, whereby fgeously run at'high speeds.

,being vcrushed and is 1 formed into a film or of regulable thickness, which Vfilm or films This invention relates to an improved reducing and refining apparatus and particular'ly to the feeding devices for supplying material in an improved manner to the of reducing and refining apthe latter may `advanta- An obj ectv of the\ invention is to pr'ovide a feeding'device for combination with crushingrolls, wherein the material is carried by the feeding device in a layer lof substantially uniform and regulable thickness, and is removed therefrom directly by the crushing rolls, the arrangement being characterized by `an even distributionof `material .upon the crushing rolls, whereby accumulation and cjompacting of high speed crushing rolls is prevented.

- Another object of the invention is to provide a feed roll arranged to revolve in such close proximity. to a crushing roll and 'at its meeting point with the latter to move in an' opposite direction thereto that the film of material on the feed roll maybe picked therefrom by the crushing roll, 4and a device movable toward and away from the feed roll to coperate therewith in regulating .the thickness of the layer of materlal carried by `thefeed roll to the crushing roll.

A further 4object of the vinvention is to provide a 'feeding device of the class described `which comprises two feeding rolls rotatable in opposite directions `and in close proximity to one another with'means to vary the distance between the rolls to regulate the thickness ofthe layer of material passing therebetween, each of said rolls ar ranged to 1"ev lveinv closeproxnnit-y to a corresponding 'crushing roll and to move 1n of contact therewith, and means to move each feed' roll toward or away from its respective crushingv roll, the arrangement characterized in that the material between the feed rolls without being 'asses P films 'excess material betweenA shown,

an lopposite direction from its crushing roll- Y at its point are transferred to and by the crushing rolls lwhile still in film form.

Other objects and advantages will appear l in the description to follow andl in the appended claims. v

' For thepurposes of illustration, the invention, in a form at present preferred with detailed variations, is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is ay side elevational view of the machine with 'parts broken away and shows the invention as applied to `one type of re-` part 'of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation-'showing the invention as applied to another type of refiner; and

Figs. 1, 5, showing modifications of the invention.

Referring to these drawings and particularly to Figs. 1 and indicates the frame of the machine in which are mountedrcrushing rolls 1, 2, and 3. The shafts for crushing rolls 1, 2, and 3 are indicated by references 4, 5, and 6, respectively, and from Fig. 2, it will be seen that shafts 4: and 5 and shafts 5 and 6 are connected by intermeshing gears. Thexshaft 4 is the main driving shaft of the machine and may be driven by any suitable means not in Figs.v 1 and 2. Shaft 4 is mounted 1n fixed bearings in frame A, but shafts 5 and 6 are mounted in slidable boxes 7 and 8, respectively. Each box 7 is movable by and 6 are diagrammaticalviews 2 thereof, reference Arf' the shaft being shown as broken oli' a screw 9 in an obvious manner and on the end of each screw is a worm gear 10. Each yof the ,latter meshes with a worm 11 on a cross shaftu 12, whereby, when the latter is turned by the hand wheel shown, both boxes 7 are moved in unison to vary the pressure of roll '2 upon roll 1. The boxes 8 are vsimilarly movablev by screws 13. One of the latter is directly movable by the hand wheel shown and the other 'screw is driven by a cross shaft 15 andl suitable bevel gears-,as indicated yin Figs. 1 and 2.. Thus, both boxes 8 may -be moved in unison to vary the pressure of roll3 upon roll 2: y y

The feeding device comprisesy a pair of oppositely driven rolls 16 and 17 mountedv ongshafts 1,8 and 19, respectively. Shaft 18 is mounted in boxes 20 which are slidably mounted in frame A and movable by screws 21 in an obvious manner. The feeding roll 16 is adapted to barely touch the crushing roll 1 and is adjustable relatively thereto in a general radial direction by the screws 21. The shaft 19 of feeding roll 17 is mounted in boxes 22 which are slidably mounted 1n the outer ends of arms 23 and may be moved to variouspositions of adjustment by screws 24. v

The arms 23 are loosely mounted on the shaft 5, one kon each side of the crushing roll 2, as shown inF ig. 2. Each arm 23 is formed with a ,lug 25 in which an eccentric 26 is movable. Both eccentrics 26'are fixed in spaced relation on a cross rod 27 and loosely mounted on the ends of the latter are links'28 Which are pivoted to frame A at 29. i A handle30 is fixed to rod 27, whereby both eccentrics 26 may be simultaneously turned toswing arms 23 on shaft 5 as a pivot. yThe eccentrics 26 are held in their various positions of adjustment in lugs 25 by frictional engagement with the latter but obviously may be held by any other suitable means. It vwill thus be seen that feeding roll 17 which is adapted to engage crushmg roll 2, is adjustable radially and circumferentially with relation thereto. rl`he circumferential adjustment permits variations in the pressure of r'oll 17 on roll 16 and the radial adjustment permits variations of pressure of roll 17 on crushing roll 2.

The shafts 18-and 19 areconnected together' at one end by intermeshing gears, as shown in Fig. 2.' Fixed on the other end of shaft 18 is a worm wheel 31 (shown as..

broken awa in Fig. 1 to reveal the parts therebehind which is driven by a worm 32 fixed on a shaft 33. The latter is mounted in bearings secured to frame A and is Vdriven "from shaft 4 by the bevel gear connections shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In order to supply material to the feeding rolls 16 and 17, a hopper 34, supportedby suitable brackets from frameA (Fig. 2), is

arranged asshown in Fig. 1 to lit around the adjacent upper peripheral portions of the rolls. In certain instances, particularly when dry material, such as sugar, for example, is used, it may be desirable to provide a preliminary grinding means to reduce the ymaterial to the requisite degree of lineness before it is fed to the rollers 16 and 17. Any suitable means may be employed to accomplish this. function such asthat illustrated in the upper part of Fig. 1', for example. The grinding means shown in Fig. l is well known by those skilled in the art and will,y

therefore, be but briefly described herein. It

comprises a serrated roll a to which the material is fed byia hopper '5. In coperative engagement with roll a is a serrated plate c fixed to a lever Z which is piv'oted intermediate its ends at Lever d is movable by a screw f to bring plate c into engagement screw f against a channel la fixed to the supporting frame for hopper The material, after being crushed by roll a and plate c, falls upon a pivoted plate i and passes from the latter into hopper 34;. The movement of material on plate 'i is facilitated .by a vibratory` movement imparted thereto 1 by ,a ratchet y' which coperates with a pawl 7c on a rearwardly extending part of plate The grinding device described has been merely shown in side elevational view in Fig. l l and further illustration is thought unnccesl sary since the device is well known in the art. Any suitable means may be provided for driving' the roll a and ratchet j and these driving means have not been illustrated arranged at the bottom of the machine. TheI invention may be applied equally well to other types of refiners, as shown, for examplc, in Fig. 3. The reliner there shown comprises crushing'rollers 1, 2, and 3, the latter being the delivery roll and arranged uppermost in thel machine. rolls may be mounted and driven in any suitable manner or in a manner analogous to that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. The feeding rolls 16 and 17 are ,also mounted' in a manner similar to that described. The roll 17 has been shown as engaging the first crushing roll 1 and the roll 16 the second roll 2. The roll 16 is movable radially to and from roll 2 while roll 17 is movable radially to and from roll l andalso circumferentially with relation thereto.

Although tliemachine as heretofore described employs two feeding rolls which :are separate and distinct from' the crushing 1olls,`one of the-latter, if desired, may be made to serve also as a feeding roll. Such an arrangement is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4, wherein 35, 36, and 37 indicate the crushing rolls, the upper roll 35 being arranged to function also as a 4feeding' -roll and coperate with a feeding` roll 38.

The latter is preferably arranged "to 'rotate at a `higher speed than roll 35, and the-speed of both rolls 35 and 38 is low as compared with the crushing Irolls 36 and 37. The feed roll 38 is made radially and circumferentially movable with respect to roll 36 in a manner analogous to that already described .from the `hopper 43-and the regulation of The crushingv l v-between the feed rolls, it is spread in a the feed to the roll a2 is obtained by an adjustable breast plate 44 mountedl on the hopper. The feed roll ft2 is made radially adjustable with relation to roll 39.

VIf desired, one of the feed rolls 16 or l? may be stopped or, its speed maybe con siderably reduced. This roll will then function as a breast plate 'and will have anaction similar to that of plate all.

In certain instances, it may be necessary to provide two or more sets of feeding` rollers in one reliner. For example, if .dillferent materials are to be fed to the crushing rolls, such an arrangement is desirable.. In Fig. (l, a dual arrangement of feeding rolls has been shown in diagrainmatical forni. One pair of feedingrolls and i6 feed one kind of material and the other pair of feeding rolls l' and 48 feed another kind of material to the crushing rolls 49, 50, 5l, and 52. The two materials are collected at the point 53 when they are mixed and pass together between the first pair of crushing,V rolls 49 and 50.v Each feed roll in this arrangement is made movable toward and away from the crushing roll with which it cooperates, and the feed rolls of each pair are made movable the one relatively to the other `to vary the distance therebetween.

lao

The preferred operation of. the machine will y now be described. The material 1n hopper 34 passes between the feed rolls 1G- and 1T and is fed to the crushing rolls. The

'rollsl 16 and l? move slowly compared with crushing rolls, and, as the material passes .y :layer or filmof substantially uniform thickness across the periphery of one or both of lto the feed rolls, The coatingof the latter depende upon the viscosity of the niateri al and upon the relative speed of the feed rolls. Thus, where one of the feed rolls travels at a slightly higher speed than the other, which the preferable arrangement, and a very viscous material is being,- treated, only one feed roll, the fast traveling one, will receive a coating. `With a very liquid material, urw der thesame conditions, both rollers will be coated, and, if the feed rolls run at the sanie Speed, both will beA coated irrespective of the degree of `viscosityy of -the material. The feed rolls 16 and'l'? are adjusted to barely touch the crushing rolls l and 2, respectively, and, as' shown by the arrows, move in opposite directions to their respective crushing` r'ollsadjacent their points ofcontact therewith. The film of material on' oneo'r both rolls is carried thereby until met by the oppositely moving portion of the crushing roll or rolls. The latter pick the film from the feed rolls and since they travel faster i than the feed rolls, the'film is drawn out by .the crushing rolls into a still thinner film.

' The `film or films of material is carried by l su one or both of the crushing rolls l and 2 to their meeting point and is crushed therehs tween. and subsequently between the rolls 2 and in the usual manner. The distance between the feed rolls 16 and 17 is variable bymoving the pivoted arms. 23 by means of handle 30 and thus the thickness of the film of material fed to the crushingvrolls may 'be` regulated as desired.

lt will thus be seen that the feeding device described insures' an' even feed to the fast traveling crushing rolls and accumulations of material at the bight of the crushing rolls is effectually prevented. The feeding device is particularly important in high-speed machines, since with the ordinary feed such machines have a tendency to choke up at the bight of the crushing rolls. The material accumulates between the rolls andis often. compacted, whereby the crushing action is seriously impeded and in some instances stopped. Moreover, the material is sible `by the arrangement whereby the mate" rial is taken directly from the feed rolls by me crushingA rolls. Feed rolls have hereto fore been employed 1n aware, but the material with such feeding devices is allowed to drop from. the. feed rolls upon the crushers and is not directly fed thereto which is a distinguishing feature of the present invention'. By reason of this feature, the crushing rolls can operate at higher speeds than heretofore and do more n'orlr in a better manner.

lt is to be noted that it is not essential that. two feed rolls be employed. The bene iiclal results above described may also be obtained with a single feed roll, which cooperates with one of the crushing rolls or with. a movable breast plate as illustrated in 'arious forms inl connection with crushing rolls, as l am n Fig. d., in which roll 35i-is a crushing roll,

and Fig. 5, in which 42 is the feed roll.. The essential features of the feedingl device are va feed roll arranged to revolve in close proximity toA a crushing roll and so that the contacting portions of the feed and crushing rolls more in opposite directions, a means to move the roll to and from` the crushing roll, and apart movable to and from the feed roll to coperate therewith to regulate the thickness ofthe layer of material fed to the crushing roll.

The invention has been described ina pre` purposes of illustratiombnt the scope of ferred Hform with detailed variations for the l the; invention isdefined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description.

l. A ,high speed reducing and refining apparatus, comprising, two or more crushing rolls, a feed roll'arranged to receive ythe 'material and convey it in film form to a `crushing roll, an adjustable device coperi ness of the film, means to drive the feed roll ating with the feed roll to regulate the thickata speed less than that of said crushing roll-and in a 'direction such that adjacent portions of said feedroll and crushing roll move in opposite directions, and means to vary the proximity of said feed roll and `crushing roll, said feed roll being movable in vsuch close proximity to, said crushing that the latter directly removes the film j the peripheryof its crushing roll, means to drive each feed roll at a surface speed less than that of the crushing roll with wh'ch' it coperates andin such a direction that the adjacent portions of the feed roll and crushing roll move in opposite directions, and

vmeans to supply material to the feed rolls,

4said feed rolls being also mounted so that their peripheries move in spaced but close fand regulable relation, whereby each may -coperate with the other to regulate the How ofjmaterial therethrough, the space between the periphery of each feed roll and its crushing roll being no greater than that between the peripheries ofthe feed rolls, so that each crushing'- roll may directly remove a film of material from its feed roll, the film removed from the feed roll being drawn out into a film of reduced thickness by the relatively fast traveling crushing roll.

3. A high speed reducing and refining` apparatus, comprising, two crushing rolls revoluble in opposite directions, a feed roll mounted to revolve in close and regulable proximity to one of said crushing rolls, a second feed roll mounted to revolve in close and regulable proximity to the other crushing roll, means to drive each feed roll at a surface speed less than that of the crushing roll with which itcoperates and in such direction that the adjacent portions of the feed roll and crushing roll move in opposite directions, means to supply material to said rolls, said feed rolls being also mounted in close and regulable proximity, and means supporting said second feed roll and mounted for movement in an arcuate path concentric with the Isecond crushing roll, whereby the second feed roll may be moved toward or away from the first vfeed vroll without varying the proximity of the second feed roll to its crushing roll.

4.' A high speed reducing and refining apparatus, comprising, two oppositely revoluble rolls so located with respect to one another that their peripheries are substantially in contact to perform a crushing operation, a feeding element movable in close proximity to one of said rolls and arranged to receive the material to be crushed and convey it in film form to said roll, a part mounted in close proximity to said element and coperating therewith to regulate the thickness lof the film 0n the element, the space between said roll and element bemg no greater than that between the element and said part, whereby the film formed on said element is removed directly by said roll, and means to' move said element at a surface speed less than that of said roll and 1n a d1- rection such that adjacent portions of the roll and element move in opposite directions,

said roll by its increased speed with relationy to said element being arranged to draw out the film removed from the latter into a lm ofreduced thickness.

AsBJonN vsoivsrnmenn.

Witnesses:4 I

T. J. OTMAN, B. DERHAM. 

